Factors Affecting Maternal Mortality Rates in Nigeria: A Review of Challenges and Potential Solutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57125/FEM.2024.09.30.08Keywords:
maternal fatality, pregnant women, antenatal care, healthcare system, childbirth, women’s health, motherhoodAbstract
Maternal mortality is a significant public health issue in Nigeria, accounting for approximately 23% of global maternal deaths. This review explored the main factors affecting maternal mortality rates in Nigeria and proposed potential solutions. Accurate data collection on maternal health in Nigeria, especially in rural areas, remains challenging.
Aims: this paper aimed to identify the key factors contributing to maternal mortality in Nigeria and proposed solutions to address this issue.
Study design: A qualitative analysis of literature review narration was employed taking into account the research methodology, instrument interpretation, and data analysis in order to avoid bias and misinterpretation of result findings.
Methodology: The methodology was designed to systematically gather, analyse, and synthesise data from multiple sources, including the peer-reviewed academic literature, government reports, and NGO publications. To ensure rigor and reproducibility, in the literature search were utilised several databases and search engines beyond Google, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and Research Gate. 50 published papers and articles from credible sources were reviewed in the study, identifying the key issues such as inadequate healthcare infrastructure, socio-economic challenges, cultural and behavioural practices, as well as political factors.
Results: The findings revealed that the major causes of maternal mortality in Nigeria included haemorrhage, infection, unsafe abortion, hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, and obstructed labour. There were cases of socio-economic factors such as unavailability of electricity, transportation delay, the lack of skilled medical personal and cultural factors such as traditional beliefs. Despite various interventions, progress in reducing maternal mortality has been limited.
Conclusion: This paper emphasised the need for continuous investment in maternal and child health, improvements in healthcare infrastructure, education, and effective policy implementation. A holistic approach that integrates organisational structures, technical expertise, human experiences, and patient needs is essential for effectively reducing maternal mortality rates.
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