Mapping the Oncological Landscape: Insights from the Oncology Care Clinic at Rawalpindi Medical University

Abstract

Aims

This cross-sectional study conducted from August 4, 2022, to November 8, 2023, focused on determining the frequency of different types of cancer among individuals receiving care at the Oncology Care Clinic at Rawalpindi Medical University.

Methodology

A retrospective analysis was performed on comprehensive data extracted from electronic records of 380 oncology patients. The study encompassed individuals of all genders and ages, ranging from new-borns to 100 years and above. Data included demographics, diagnoses, treatments, and outcomes. A statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, version 26.

Results

Females exhibited a significantly higher incidence of malignancies (65.70%) compared to males (33.90%). The most common age group affected by the issue were middle-aged individuals between 40 and 59 years old, making up 41.05% of the affected patients. Gynaecological cancers, particularly ovarian cancer, were most prevalent (32.8%), followed by haematological malignancies, with leukaemia being the most common subtype (20.2%). Breast cancer, pulmonary lung cancer, and urogenital cancer had lower registration rates. Referrals from the gynaecology department at Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, were predominant.

Scientific Novelty

This study contributed to existing literature by providing insights into the prevalence and distribution of malignancies among oncology patients in Rawalpindi and surrounding areas. The findings underscored the demographic patterns, prevalent cancer types, and referral trends, while also highlighted the need for enhanced data management and integrated cancer registry systems in the region.

Conclusion

The study highlighted the significance of continuous monitoring and strong data platforms for successful cancer treatment. It underscored the necessity for coordinated efforts to improve cancer diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. The establishment of an integrated cancer registry system could facilitate the comprehensive data collection and analysis, leading to better understanding and management of cancer in the community.